SOME ENGLISH LESSONS

English lessons


Je remercie chaleureusement ici tous les élèves qui, grâce à leurs questions, m’ont poussée à présenter les structures grammaticales de l’anglais sous forme

de tableaux et je forme le vœu qu’ils soient utiles à d’autres en leur permettant une première approche d’une langue parlée par prés d’un milliard de femme et d’hommes.

Tr : Belfedhal Tahar







LESSON N°1

(1) The definite article: the

The is used:

Before nouns of which there is only one : the sun,the sky,the weather.

Before anoun made definite as aresult of being mentioned a second time: he made a vase.The vase is on the table

Before an adjective used to represent a class:

The young (young people) should respect

The old(old people)

The rich should help the poor

Before certain geographical names(seas,rivers,mountains,and some countries):

The river thames,the himalayasocean,the atlantic ocean,the USA

Before superlatives:He is the tallest pupil in the class

Before musical instruments:zohra plays guittar

The is not used:

Before names of meales :what time is breakfast?

Before plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns (people or things ingeneral)

Furniture is expensive,students should revise their lessons at home.

Before names of languages : -people in mali speak French

Before people’s titles or profession: -prince charles is queen elizabeth’s son.

After “ ’s” possessive case tahar’s house

Before proper nouns: London is an important city

With uncountable nouns: war is destructive

(2) the indefinite article:a;an



a is used before singular countable nouns beginning with a consonant;

an is used before singular countable nouns beginning with a vowel(a,e,I,o,u)

eg: a friend, a car,an apple, an umbrella

exceptions:” a”is used before “ u “or”eu”when a “y” sound is produced

eg: a university, a Europe

“an”is used before”h”when it is silent eg; an hour,an honest man.

Other uses of”a” , ”an”

before singular countable nouns in general:

I’ ve got a new pen.there is an accident

Before nouns representing a class:

A dog is a mammal

Before noun complements( including jobs)

He’s an intelligent boy.He’s a doctor



(3) Nouns:

Noun gender:



Masculine (he)
Feminine(she)
Neuter(it)

Man
Woman
Tree

Father
Mother
Watch

uncle
aunt
table


Remark:

All things are considered as neuter(neither feminine or masculine)

Some nouns can be used for either a masculine or feminine subject;cousin,student,teacher,friend,doctor.

The plural of nouns :

a) Regular nouns add “s” to their plural:

singular:animal chair house office

plural :animals chairs houses offices

b) irregular nouns:

nouns ending in “y” with no vowe before it take”ies”in the plural

sing; city country

plur; cities countries

Nouns ending in “y”with a vowel before it are regular

Sing: day boy

Plur: days boys

*Some common nouns ending in “f” or “fe”take “ves” in the plural

Sing:wife shelf thief life

Plur: wives shelves thieves lives

Some nouns change their vowel in the plural:

Sing: man woman tooth mouse

Plur: men women teeth mice

Note child children ox oxen

Nouns ending in ch, sh, ss, o, x or s take (es) in the plural:

Sing: watch brush glass potato box bus

Plur: watches brushes glasses potatoes boxes buses

Nouns which do not change in the plural (animals)

Compound nouns: a compound noun is formed from two or more other words.the two words are not

Necessarily nouns,eg; head + ache=headache(noun + verb) girl + friend= girlfriend(noun+noun)

The simple present

Hi everybody! I'm The Present Simple Girl. I like habits and routines. I always do the same things and at the same time. For example, I always drink two glasses of milk in the morning and I usually arrive at school at twenty five past eight . I often wear jeans and T-shirts. I love pop music. I also love animals and plants. I have a beautiful garden.

I live with my parents and my brother, The Present Continuous Guy. He is very different from me. He never arrives on time for lunch. He likes new clothes and fashion, and he doesn't listen to pop music. He plays hard rock in a group called "Metal Bananas" . We are in an English club called The Happy Verby Gang. We go to the club on Saturdays.

Present Simple Girl



Uses
Examples

Habitual actions
Acciones habituales (normalmente acompañados de adverbios de frecuencia)
I go to the gym on Monday and Friday

Permanent states
Estados permanentes (hechos que no cambian nunca)
The Sun rises in the morning

Feelings and emotions (like, hate, want, hope, etc.)
Sentimientos y emociones
I like your T-shirt. I want a blue one

Verb of senses (hear, taste, see, smell, sound and taste)
Verbos de sentidos
Listen! I hear some music in the house

Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative






I drink
You drink

He drinks
She drinks
It drinks

We drink
You drink
They drink
I don't drink
You don't drink

He doesn't drink
She doesn't drink
It doesn't drink

We don't drink
You don't drink
They don't drink


Do I drink?
Do you drink?

Does he drink?
Does she drink?
Does it drink?

Do we drink?
Do you drink?
Do they drink?








EXERCICE 01



Habits & Routines


Break On On brush by does does finishes get get go goes goes goes has has have have his in past play plays starts surf to until watch watches




Haut du formulaire


Maria's week:

"On weekdays, I up at half past seven. I a shower, my hair and dressed. I go to school car. School at a quarter eight. is from quarter past eleven quarter to twelve. School at half past two. I lunch at three o'clock........."






Carlos' week

"............................Every afternoon, I to the gym, I also with the computer, tv and the net. Saturdays and Sundays I play basketball."
Everyday, he his homework and at nine o'clok he a shower and dinner. Then, he to his bedroom to listen music.




Alejandro's week

...............On Saturday, he hockey the morning. In the evening, he to the cinema and to bed at half past one. Sunday morning he homework and in the evening tv.